The world is growing at a rate like never before and has been through the advent from the first wheel, to buildings, and cars and weapons. One of the main reasons for development has been the advancement of construction equipment, which has given us a lot of human-made wonders. One primary machine which forms the heart of the construction industry is the crane.
The need for Cranes
In earlier days animals were used to carry materials – smaller materials on donkeys and more abundant materials on elephants. But the materials whose weight crossed more than 50 tons, even this would be extremely hard for elephants. This was when the need for a machine that would hook on the object to be lifted and placed at the specific destination intended, came about.
Early Cranes
The first cranes used a pulley system. The idea of pulley being able to lift water from wells contributed to their usage. These cranes were typically made of wood, and during the period of the Industrial Revolution, the materials such as steel and cast iron became popular. For a lot of time, the cranes were operated through the power that was supplied from animals or humans.
Modern cranes have specific internal combustion engines built inside them and hydraulic systems that give them a more exceptional ability to lift loads, nowadays these types of cranes are available through purchasing or using a crane hire company. There are some instances where the manual cranes are used, but that is only when power needs to be saved.
Initial Use of Cranes
One of the first developers of cranes were the Greek, and during the ancient times, the Romans adopted the usage of this from the Greek because there was a lot of construction work to be done. The simplest of the cranes used by them consisted of three pulleys, a block, single beam jib and a winch. The humans would not have to put a lot of effort to lift the objects through the crane. More advancements in the cranes included using five pulleys and multiple masts.
The cranes used by Romans had higher lifting capacity compared to those used in Greece. After the Roman Empire fell, the use of the treadwheel cranes increased in western Europe. These cranes were powered by the windlasses, which also consisted of cranks and spokes, tone of the early use of gear mechanisms. The cranes today have advanced immensely with hydraulics and Pascal’s law is the most common engineering implementation behind them.
Here are some of the different types of cranes used today:
- Railway road Cranes
These cranes have wheels that are flanged and are typically used for maintenance work, loading and recovery operations.
- Mobile Cranes
These are cranes which are smaller in size and are typically comprised of telescopic booms and steel truss mounted on a mobile platform.
- Telescopic Cranes
For short construction projects, the telescopic cranes are commonly used. More usages of this are in lifting boats and rescue jobs. The cranes have boomed with a lot of tunes which are fitted on either side of the main body.
- Tower Crane
This type of cranes uses advanced hydraulics and gives it the capability to reach tall buildings.
- Crawler Crane
One of the advantages of this crane is its natural movement from one site to the other. The crawler crane has been instrumental in the construction of some of the most iconic structures in the world today.
So, this was the comprehensive history of cranes, which are so vital in the construction industry, and it is the economy today.